The Hydrochoerinae are a family of Caviidae, consisting of two living genera, Hydrochoerus, the capybaras, and Kerodon, the rock cavies.  In addition, a number of extinct genera related to capybaras should also be placed in this subfamily. The taxonomy of Hydrochoerinae is confused because, until 2005, living capybaras and their extinct relatives were placed in their own family, Hydrochoeridae